Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984), First Official Language Spoken (6), Age (8B) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data

• Age (8B): Total - Age
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age and sex for the population in private households in Montréal-Ouest, V

Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (984)	First official language spoken (6)
	Total - First official language spoken	English	French	English and French	Neither English nor French	Official language minority (number)^Footnote 1
Population in private households - 25% sample data	5,040	3,645	1,080	270	45	3,780
Total - Age groups, average age and median age for the population in private households - 25% sample data	5,045	3,650	1,080	265	45	3,780
0 to 14 years	925	640	205	50	20	665
0 to 4 years	275	190	60	10	15	195
5 to 9 years	290	195	70	30	0	205
10 to 14 years	355	260	75	20	0	270
15 to 64 years	3,265	2,360	760	135	10	2,430
15 to 19 years	415	305	95	15	0	310
20 to 24 years	335	235	75	20	0	255
25 to 29 years	165	135	25	10	0	140
30 to 34 years	175	105	60	10	0	105
35 to 39 years	275	160	90	20	0	170
40 to 44 years	330	220	95	15	0	230
45 to 49 years	350	250	90	15	0	255
50 to 54 years	445	355	80	10	0	365
55 to 59 years	400	295	100	10	10	295
60 to 64 years	370	295	55	15	0	305
65 years and over	855	645	110	80	15	685
65 to 69 years	360	260	60	40	0	280
70 to 74 years	200	145	25	30	0	160
75 to 79 years	165	130	15	10	0	140
80 to 84 years	90	60	10	10	10	65
85 years and over	50	40	0	0	0	45
85 to 89 years	35	30	0	0	10	30
90 to 94 years	0	10	0	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Average age	40.8	41.6	37.5	42.2	39.9	not applicable ...
Median age	43.6	45.4	39.5	40.7	34.5	not applicable ...
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 2	4,120	3,005	875	215	25	3,115
Married or living common law	2,570	1,850	575	135	10	1,920
Married	2,270	1,670	455	135	15	1,730
Living common law	300	185	120	0	0	185
Not married and not living common law	1,550	1,150	295	80	15	1,195
Never married	1,125	825	240	60	0	855
Separated	55	40	0	0	0	45
Divorced	230	190	25	10	0	200
Widowed	140	95	15	10	10	100
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 3	4,120	3,005	875	210	25	3,110
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,905	2,855	825	200	25	not applicable ...
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	75,538	75,696	85,405	39,839	0	not applicable ...
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,162	48,703	52,172	19,024	0	not applicable ...
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,905	2,860	825	195	25	not applicable ...
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	55,963	55,923	63,158	32,157	0	not applicable ...
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,540	40,459	46,970	18,995	0	not applicable ...
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,765	2,760	800	180	30	not applicable ...
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	72,914	72,904	83,432	35,616	0	not applicable ...
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,274	41,075	46,268	15,840	0	not applicable ...
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,685	1,965	525	175	20	not applicable ...
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,673	7,748	7,077	8,301	0	not applicable ...
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,030	5,042	3,548	8,481	0	not applicable ...
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,020	2,225	690	100	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	74,175	73,823	80,089	47,329	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,933	39,402	48,552	20,065	0	not applicable ...
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data^Footnote 4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Market income (%)^Footnote 5	93.1	92.9	94.1	78.2	0.0	not applicable ...
Employment income (%)^Footnote 6	75.8	75.8	78.3	57.9	0.0	not applicable ...
Government transfers (%)^Footnote 7	7.0	7.0	5.3	18.7	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 8	4,120	3,005	875	215	30	3,110
Without total income	215	150	50	20	0	160
With total income	3,905	2,860	825	195	30	2,955
Percentage with total income	94.8	95.2	94.3	90.7	100.0	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	545	415	85	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	435
$10,000 to $19,999	520	330	130	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	360
$20,000 to $29,999	400	285	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	295
$30,000 to $39,999	315	245	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	260
$40,000 to $49,999	285	210	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	220
$50,000 to $59,999	265	230	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	230
$60,000 to $69,999	225	165	50	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	170
$70,000 to $79,999	180	150	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	155
$80,000 to $89,999	140	105	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	105
$90,000 to $99,999	160	110	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	120
$100,000 and over	860	605	240	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	610
$100,000 to $149,999	385	280	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	285
$150,000 and over	475	320	150	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	325
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 9	4,120	3,005	875	215	25	3,110
Without after-tax income	215	145	50	20	0	155
With after-tax income	3,900	2,855	820	195	25	2,955
Percentage with after-tax income	94.7	95.0	93.7	90.7	100.0	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	575	430	95	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	455
$10,000 to $19,999	540	355	130	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	385
$20,000 to $29,999	470	345	90	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	360
$30,000 to $39,999	385	275	75	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	290
$40,000 to $49,999	385	320	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	320
$50,000 to $59,999	325	270	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	275
$60,000 to $69,999	250	175	70	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	180
$70,000 to $79,999	205	150	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	155
$80,000 and over	765	530	215	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	540
$80,000 to $89,999	95	65	30	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	65
$90,000 to $99,999	135	110	25	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	110
$100,000 and over	535	360	170	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	365
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 10	4,120	3,005	875	215	25	3,110
Without employment income	1,100	785	185	115	20	840
With employment income	3,015	2,225	690	95	10	2,270
Percentage with employment income	73.2	74.0	78.9	44.2	40.0	73.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	470	350	85	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	365
$5,000 to $9,999	265	215	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	215
$10,000 to $19,999	300	210	80	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	215
$20,000 to $29,999	250	185	60	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	190
$30,000 to $39,999	215	165	35	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	170
$40,000 to $49,999	165	115	55	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	115
$50,000 to $59,999	155	140	15	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	140
$60,000 to $69,999	210	145	45	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	150
$70,000 to $79,999	115	90	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	95
$80,000 and over	880	610	250	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	620
$80,000 to $89,999	135	95	40	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	95
$90,000 to $99,999	70	50	20	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	55
$100,000 and over	670	465	190	too unreliable to be published F	too unreliable to be published F	470
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 11	4,120	3,005	870	215	30	3,115
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 12	1,190	895	285	15	0	not applicable ...
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 13	73,627	72,604	88,245	0	0	not applicable ...
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^Footnote 14	112,834	112,497	115,844	0	0	not applicable ...
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 15	5,045	3,650	1,080	265	45	3,780
English only	980	980	0	0	0	985
French only	145	0	140	0	0	0
English and French	3,870	2,665	935	270	0	2,800
Neither English nor French	50	0	0	0	50	0
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 16	5,045	3,645	1,080	265	45	3,780
English	3,655	3,440	210	0	0	3,440
French	790	10	785	0	0	10
Non-official language	370	105	30	195	50	200
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	370	100	30	195	45	200
English and French	120	25	30	65	0	55
English and non-official language	75	75	0	0	0	75
French and non-official language	25	0	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 17	5,040	3,645	1,080	270	45	3,780
None	3,615	2,815	610	145	50	2,885
English	375	25	270	80	0	60
French	570	450	125	0	0	450
Non-official language	395	330	60	0	0	330
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	395	330	60	0	0	335
English and French	30	0	0	30	0	15
English and non-official language	15	0	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	40	0	0	0	40
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Mother tongue for the population in private households - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 18	5,040	3,650	1,080	270	50	3,780
English	2,865	2,865	0	0	0	2,865
French	965	0	960	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,030	655	110	210	50	765
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,025	660	110	210	50	765
English and French	120	55	0	55	0	85
English and non-official language	55	50	0	0	0	55
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 19	5,045	3,645	1,080	265	45	3,780
Official languages	4,995	3,645	1,080	265	0	3,785
English	4,850	3,650	940	265	0	3,780
French	4,015	2,670	1,080	270	0	2,795
Non-official languages	1,615	1,050	285	230	50	1,160
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,615	1,045	290	235	45	1,160
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 20	5,040	3,645	1,080	270	50	3,780
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 21	15	20	0	0	0	20
Single Aboriginal responses^Footnote 22	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^Footnote 23	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	0	10	0	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^Footnote 24	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^Footnote 25	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,025	3,635	1,080	270	45	3,765
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 26	5,040	3,650	1,080	270	50	3,780
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 27	10	10	0	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,035	3,635	1,080	265	50	3,775
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 28	5,045	3,650	1,080	265	50	3,780
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 29	10	0	10	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 30	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^Footnote 31	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 33	35	25	10	0	0	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 34	35	30	10	0	0	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	20	10	0	0	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^Footnote 35	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^Footnote 36	4,995	3,620	1,065	270	45	3,755
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 37	5,040	3,645	1,080	265	50	3,780
Canadian citizens^Footnote 38	4,750	3,495	1,005	225	15	3,605
Canadian citizens only	4,220	3,225	845	135	10	3,295
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	530	265	165	95	0	315
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 39	295	155	75	45	30	175
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 40	5,040	3,650	1,080	265	50	3,780
Non-immigrants^Footnote 41	3,800	2,905	815	75	10	2,940
Immigrants^Footnote 42	1,190	720	245	185	40	815
Before 1981	565	430	80	50	0	455
1981 to 1990	185	95	25	55	10	120
1991 to 2000	170	90	60	20	10	100
2001 to 2010	125	65	30	35	0	85
2001 to 2005	65	45	10	10	0	50
2006 to 2010	65	15	20	30	0	30
2011 to 2016^Footnote 43	145	45	50	25	25	60
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 44	55	25	25	0	0	25
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 45	1,185	720	240	185	40	815
Under 5 years	170	120	20	20	0	130
5 to 14 years	225	155	35	35	10	170
15 to 24 years	225	150	50	20	0	165
25 to 44 years	510	280	120	105	15	330
45 years and over	55	15	15	10	15	20
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 46	1,190	720	245	190	40	810
Americas	220	150	20	30	20	165
Brazil	10	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 47	100	90	10	0	0	90
Other places of birth in Americas	70	20	15	15	20	30
Europe	550	340	105	95	15	385
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	70	15	55	0	0	15
Germany	20	15	0	0	0	20
Greece	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	20	15	0	0	0	15
Ireland^Footnote 48	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italy	125	100	0	15	10	105
Netherlands	0	10	0	0	0	0
Poland	70	30	10	30	0	45
Portugal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	30	10	15	10	0	10
Russian Federation	35	15	0	15	0	20
Serbia^Footnote 49	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^Footnote 50	70	70	0	0	0	75
Other places of birth in Europe	55	40	10	10	0	40
Africa	135	45	95	0	0	45
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	10	15	0	0	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	0	0	15
Other places of birth in Africa	70	15	55	0	0	15
Asia	280	185	25	60	10	215
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	15	0	10	0	20
China^Footnote 51	35	30	10	0	0	30
Hong Kong^Footnote 52	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	25	25	0	0	0	25
Iran^Footnote 53	70	30	10	25	0	40
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 54	20	0	0	10	10	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	20	20	0	0	0	20
Philippines	20	20	0	0	0	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 55	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	35	0	0	0	40
Oceania and other places of birth^Footnote 56	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 57	145	45	50	25	20	55
Americas	50	20	0	10	20	25
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^Footnote 58	20	20	0	0	0	25
Venezuela^Footnote 59	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	0	0	10	20	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^Footnote 60	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 61	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 62	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	40	0	40	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	0	15	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	55	25	10	20	0	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^Footnote 63	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^Footnote 64	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^Footnote 65	25	0	0	15	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 66	10	0	0	0	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 67	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 68	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 69	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 70	5,040	3,650	1,080	270	45	3,780
First generation^Footnote 71	1,320	805	280	190	40	900
Second generation^Footnote 72	1,370	1,115	195	50	10	1,140
Third generation or more^Footnote 73	2,360	1,725	600	25	0	1,740
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^Footnote 74	635	290	165	140	35	365
Economic immigrants^Footnote 75	410	140	135	115	25	195
Principal applicants^Footnote 76	200	70	80	40	10	90
Secondary applicants^Footnote 77	210	65	55	75	15	105
Immigrants sponsored by family^Footnote 78	140	110	15	0	10	115
Refugees^Footnote 79	75	45	15	20	0	50
Other immigrants^Footnote 80	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 81	5,040	3,650	1,080	265	50	3,780
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	875	595	165	90	35	635
South Asian^Footnote 83	145	130	0	15	0	135
Chinese	160	110	20	25	0	120
Black	245	160	80	0	0	160
Filipino	35	35	0	0	0	35
Latin American	70	30	0	20	20	45
Arab	30	15	15	0	0	20
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	15	10	0	0	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 85	65	20	15	20	0	30
Korean	35	20	0	10	10	20
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	25	10	15	0	0	15
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	50	35	10	0	0	35
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	4,160	3,055	915	180	10	3,145
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 89	5,040	3,645	1,080	270	45	3,780
North American Aboriginal origins	50	30	15	0	0	30
First Nations (North American Indian)	35	20	20	0	0	20
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins	1,385	895	470	20	0	900
Acadian	20	15	10	0	0	20
American	65	55	0	10	0	60
Canadian	1,330	880	440	10	0	885
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	30	0	30	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 90	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	3,955	3,000	725	200	35	3,100
British Isles origins	1,955	1,675	220	55	0	1,705
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	885	805	70	10	0	805
Irish	1,015	860	105	50	0	885
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	880	770	95	20	0	780
Welsh	100	65	30	0	0	65
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 91	175	170	10	0	0	170
French origins	1,155	615	485	50	0	640
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,150	615	490	45	0	640
Western European origins (except French origins)	540	390	105	30	20	405
Austrian	55	50	10	0	0	50
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	35	25	15	0	0	25
Dutch	80	70	0	10	0	75
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	295	230	30	10	20	235
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	110	50	55	10	0	50
Western European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 92	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	120	95	10	15	0	105
Danish	25	15	10	0	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	30	20	0	10	0	25
Swedish	55	50	0	10	0	55
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 93	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,060	870	95	85	0	915
Bulgarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	25	30	0	0	0	30
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^Footnote 94	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	130	105	20	0	0	110
Latvian	15	15	0	0	0	15
Lithuanian	50	50	0	0	0	45
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	500	440	10	50	0	465
Romanian	210	165	35	10	0	170
Russian	355	310	20	25	0	320
Slovak	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	120	90	0	25	0	100
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 95	40	30	0	10	0	35
Southern European origins	890	680	125	50	30	710
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	15	0	0	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	75	65	10	0	0	65
Italian	615	515	45	40	20	535
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	50	35	10	10	0	40
Serbian	20	20	0	0	0	20
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	180	80	60	20	20	90
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^Footnote 96	15	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 97	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	155	135	25	0	0	135
Basque	20	0	20	0	0	0
Jewish	130	120	0	0	0	125
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^Footnote 98	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 99	15	10	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	165	130	35	0	0	130
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	25	0	0	0	25
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	10	15	0	0	10
Jamaican	75	75	0	0	0	70
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	35	20	10	0	0	25
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^Footnote 100	15	10	10	0	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 101	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	100	65	10	20	0	75
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	25	25	0	0	0	20
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	25	20	0	10	0	25
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 102	10	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	310	140	160	10	0	145
Central and West African origins	75	15	65	0	0	15
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	15	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	30	0	25	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	35	10	25	0	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 103	10	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	135	70	65	0	0	70
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	25	10	0	0	25
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	70	30	40	0	0	30
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	40	15	25	0	0	20
North African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 104	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	25	10	0	10	0	15
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^Footnote 105	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	20	0	0	15	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 106	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	75	45	25	0	0	50
Black, n.o.s.^Footnote 107	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 108	60	45	15	0	0	40
Asian origins	790	540	125	115	10	595
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	320	160	85	65	0	195
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^Footnote 109	30	30	0	0	0	30
Armenian	15	10	10	0	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	95	45	30	20	10	50
Iraqi	15	0	10	0	0	0
Israeli	35	30	10	0	0	30
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	65	55	10	0	0	55
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	30	0	30	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	15	0	0	15	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 110	30	0	0	30	0	15
South Asian origins	190	170	10	10	0	170
Bangladeshi	20	15	0	0	0	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	170	155	10	10	0	155
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 111	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	300	220	35	35	0	240
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	220	160	30	25	10	170
Filipino	40	40	0	0	0	40
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	0	10	10	20
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 112	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 113	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^Footnote 114	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^Footnote 115	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 116	4,115	3,005	875	215	30	3,110
No certificate, diploma or degree	360	290	45	25	10	300
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^Footnote 117	645	495	125	20	10	505
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,115	2,225	710	165	15	2,305
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	145	90	30	15	0	100
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 118	95	55	30	0	10	60
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^Footnote 119	45	35	0	10	0	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	655	505	120	30	0	520
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	140	80	50	0	0	80
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,180	1,550	510	115	15	1,605
Bachelor's degree	1,225	895	265	45	10	920
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	170	130	35	10	0	135
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	75	20	10	0	80
Master's degree	530	335	145	50	0	360
Earned doctorate^Footnote 120	155	115	45	10	0	115
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 121	4,120	3,005	875	210	25	3,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 122	1,005	780	165	50	10	805
Education	160	145	15	0	0	145
13. Education	160	150	15	0	0	145
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	230	175	45	0	0	175
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	25	0	0	0	20
50. Visual and performing arts	210	155	45	10	0	160
Humanities	220	170	40	10	0	175
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	10	20	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	65	60	10	0	0	60
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	50	0	0	0	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^Footnote 123	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	0	0	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	0	0	0
54. History	35	25	10	0	0	25
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	580	440	115	35	0	455
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	60	15	0	0	65
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	30	0	0	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	125	85	40	0	0	85
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^Footnote 124	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	125	105	10	10	0	110
45. Social sciences	210	145	40	25	0	160
Business, management and public administration	695	470	200	25	0	485
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	35	0	0	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	665	440	200	25	0	450
Physical and life sciences and technologies	245	165	70	0	0	170
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	115	80	35	0	0	85
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	35	15	0	0	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^Footnote 125	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	80	50	20	0	0	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130	100	25	10	0	105
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	70	25	0	0	75
25. Library science	10	15	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0	0	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^Footnote 126	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	345	200	95	45	0	230
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	0	10	0	30
14. Engineering	200	90	80	30	0	105
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	30	20	10	0	0	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	25	10	0	0	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	30	0	0	0	35
48. Precision production	10	10	0	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	35	35	10	0	0	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	20	0	0	0	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	10	0	0	15
Health and related fields	390	285	70	20	10	300
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	15	0	0	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs	335	240	60	25	10	255
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	40	30	10	0	0	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	75	35	20	10	10	40
12. Personal and culinary services	45	20	15	10	10	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	15	10	10	0	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 127	4,120	3,005	875	215	30	3,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,005	780	160	50	15	805
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 128	3,115	2,225	710	165	15	2,305
Location of study inside Canada	2,580	1,905	595	75	0	1,940
Same as province or territory of residence	2,255	1,630	555	70	0	1,665
Different than province or territory of residence	320	275	40	10	0	275
Location of study outside Canada^Footnote 129	540	320	110	95	15	365
United States^Footnote 130	130	110	20	10	0	110
Philippines	15	15	0	0	0	15
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 131	80	70	10	0	0	70
China^Footnote 132	25	20	10	0	0	20
France	40	0	40	0	0	0
Other	240	95	40	85	15	140
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^Footnote 133	4,120	3,005	870	210	30	not applicable ...
In the labour force	2,710	1,985	620	100	0	not applicable ...
Employed	2,555	1,875	590	85	0	not applicable ...
Unemployed	155	110	35	15	0	not applicable ...
Not in the labour force	1,410	1,015	255	115	25	not applicable ...
Participation rate	65.8	66.1	71.3	47.6	0.0	not applicable ...
Employment rate	62.0	62.4	67.8	40.5	0.0	not applicable ...
Unemployment rate	5.7	5.5	5.6	15.0	0.0	not applicable ...
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^Footnote 134	4,120	3,005	875	215	25	3,115
Did not work^Footnote 135	1,225	875	195	130	20	945
Worked	2,895	2,125	675	85	0	2,170
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 136	1,235	925	295	15	0	930
Worked part year and/or part time^Footnote 137	1,660	1,205	385	65	10	1,240
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5	41.4	41.7	42.4	0.0	not applicable ...
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 138	2,985	2,195	690	100	10	2,245
a.Management	510	355	145	0	0	360
00 Senior management occupations	145	105	35	0	0	105
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	205	140	65	0	0	145
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	110	85	25	0	0	85
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	50	35	15	0	0	35
b.Professional	1,025	760	230	25	10	770
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	190	130	60	0	0	135
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	160	105	45	10	0	110
30 Professional occupations in nursing	50	35	10	0	10	40
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	130	110	15	10	0	110
40 Professional occupations in education services	180	145	35	0	0	140
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	190	145	40	10	0	145
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	125	90	30	0	0	95
c.Technical and paraprofessional	335	245	80	10	0	250
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	80	45	25	10	0	50
32 Technical occupations in health	35	20	10	0	0	20
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	25	30	0	0	0	30
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	0	0	0	0	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	200	150	45	10	0	155
d.Administration and administrative support	290	205	60	20	0	220
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	160	105	35	20	0	115
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	40	35	10	0	0	35
14 Office support occupations	70	45	20	0	0	50
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	20	20	0	0	0	25
e.Sales	290	215	65	0	0	220
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	85	55	25	0	0	60
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - Wholesale and retail trade	155	130	30	10	0	130
66 Sales support occupations	40	35	0	0	0	35
f.Personal and customer information services	340	230	85	20	0	245
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	35	30	10	0	0	25
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	25	15	0	10	0	20
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	70	50	20	10	0	50
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	120	75	30	10	0	80
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	90	65	20	0	0	65
g.Industrial, construction and equipment operation trades	80	70	10	0	0	75
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	60	60	0	0	0	55
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	20	15	0	0	0	20
h.Workers and labourers in transport and construction	55	50	0	0	0	50
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	10	10	0	0	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	20	20	0	0	0	20
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	25	20	10	0	0	20
i.Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	25	0	0	0	25
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	0	0	0	0	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	0	0	0	0	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	25	25	0	0	0	25
j.Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	35	25	15	0	0	25
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	15	10	10	0	0	10
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	0	10	0	0	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	10	0	0	0	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	0	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 139	2,985	2,195	690	95	10	2,240
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	10	0	0	0	0
111 - 112 Farms^Footnote 140	0	0	0	0	0	0
113 Forestry and logging	0	0	0	0	0	0
114 Fishing, hunting and trapping	0	0	0	0	0	0
115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry	0	10	0	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
211 Oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	0	0	0
212 Mining and quarrying (except oil and gas)	0	0	0	0	0	0
213 Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	10	0	10	0	0	0
221 Utilities	10	0	10	0	0	0
23 Construction	145	125	10	10	0	130
236 Construction of buildings	70	60	0	0	0	60
237 Heavy and civil engineering construction	10	10	10	0	0	0
238 Specialty trade contractors	65	65	0	0	0	65
31-33 Manufacturing	175	110	60	10	0	110
311 Food manufacturing	25	20	10	0	0	20
312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	10	0	0	0	0	0
313 Textile mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
314 Textile product mills	0	0	0	0	0	0
315 Clothing manufacturing	15	10	0	0	0	0
316 Leather and allied product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
321 Wood product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
322 Paper manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
323 Printing and related support activities	10	0	0	0	0	0
324 Petroleum and coal product manufacturing	10	0	10	0	0	0
325 Chemical manufacturing	30	20	0	0	0	20
326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
327 Non-metallic mineral product manufacturing	10	0	0	0	0	0
331 Primary metal manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing	10	10	0	0	0	0
333 Machinery manufacturing	10	0	10	0	0	0
334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing	0	0	0	0	0	0
335 Electrical equipment, appliance and component manufacturing	10	0	10	0	0	0
336 Transportation equipment manufacturing	15	10	10	0	0	0
337 Furniture and related product manufacturing	20	10	0	0	0	15
339 Miscellaneous manufacturing	15	20	0	0	0	15
41 Wholesale trade	155	125	25	0	0	130
411 Farm product merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0	0	0
412 Petroleum and petroleum products merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0	0	0
413 Food, beverage and tobacco merchant wholesalers	20	15	10	0	0	15
414 Personal and household goods merchant wholesalers	60	50	10	0	0	50
415 Motor vehicle and motor vehicle parts and accessories merchant wholesalers	0	0	0	0	0	0
416 Building material and supplies merchant wholesalers	10	10	0	0	0	0
417 Machinery, equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	45	25	10	10	0	30
418 Miscellaneous merchant wholesalers	15	20	0	0	0	20
419 Business-to-business electronic markets, and agents and brokers	0	10	0	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	195	150	40	10	0	150
441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers	10	10	0	0	0	0
442 Furniture and home furnishings stores	10	10	0	0	0	0
443 Electronics and appliance stores	0	10	0	0	0	0
444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers	10	0	10	0	0	0
445 Food and beverage stores	40	30	10	0	0	30
446 Health and personal care stores	30	20	10	10	0	25
447 Gasoline stations	0	0	0	0	0	0
448 Clothing and clothing accessories stores	65	45	15	0	0	45
451 Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores	20	20	0	0	0	20
452 General merchandise stores	0	0	0	0	0	0
453 Miscellaneous store retailers	10	10	0	0	0	0
454 Non-store retailers	0	0	0	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	70	50	10	10	0	55
481 Air transportation	20	10	0	0	0	10
482 Rail transportation	15	10	0	0	0	0
483 Water transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
484 Truck transportation	20	20	0	0	0	20
485 Transit and ground passenger transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
486 Pipeline transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
487 Scenic and sightseeing transportation	10	0	0	0	0	0
488 Support activities for transportation	0	0	0	0	0	0
491 Postal service	0	0	0	0	0	0
492 Couriers and messengers	0	10	0	0	0	0
493 Warehousing and storage	0	0	0	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	125	100	20	10	0	100
511 Publishing industries (except Internet)	60	50	0	10	0	55
512 Motion picture and sound recording industries	20	15	10	0	0	10
515 Broadcasting (except Internet)	10	10	0	0	0	0
517 Telecommunications	20	10	15	0	0	10
518 Data processing, hosting, and related services	10	0	0	0	0	0
519 Other information services	15	10	0	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	230	135	95	0	0	135
521 Monetary authorities - central bank	0	0	0	0	0	0
522 Credit intermediation and related activities	70	30	40	0	0	30
523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investment and related activities	95	70	20	0	0	75
524 Insurance carriers and related activities	65	35	35	0	0	35
526 Funds and other financial vehicles	0	0	0	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	85	55	25	10	0	60
531 Real estate	75	45	20	10	0	50
532 Rental and leasing services	15	10	10	0	0	0
533 Lessors of non-financial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)	0	0	0	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	490	330	135	20	0	340
541 Professional, scientific and technical services	485	335	140	20	0	340
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
551 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	95	75	15	10	0	80
561 Administrative and support services	90	70	10	10	0	80
562 Waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	0	0	0
61 Educational services	360	300	60	0	0	300
611 Educational services	360	300	60	0	0	300
62 Health care and social assistance	340	270	55	10	0	270
621 Ambulatory health care services	155	140	10	0	0	140
622 Hospitals	105	75	25	0	10	75
623 Nursing and residential care facilities	25	0	20	0	0	0
624 Social assistance	60	50	10	0	0	50
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	165	115	40	0	0	115
711 Performing arts, spectator sports and related industries	40	25	15	0	0	25
712 Heritage institutions	10	0	0	0	0	0
713 Amusement, gambling and recreation industries	110	85	25	0	0	90
72 Accommodation and food services	140	95	40	0	0	95
721 Accommodation services	10	10	10	0	0	0
722 Food services and drinking places	130	85	35	10	0	90
81 Other services (except public administration)	125	85	30	10	0	90
811 Repair and maintenance	30	25	10	0	0	20
812 Personal and laundry services	40	25	0	10	0	30
813 Religious, grant-making, civic, and professional and similar organizations	45	35	15	0	0	30
814 Private households	10	10	0	10	0	0
91 Public administration	80	55	20	0	0	60
911 Federal government public administration	20	10	10	0	0	15
912 Provincial and territorial public administration	10	10	0	0	0	0
913 Local, municipal and regional public administration	40	35	10	0	0	30
914 Aboriginal public administration	0	0	0	0	0	0
919 International and other extra-territorial public administration	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^Footnote 141	2,555	1,875	590	85	0	1,920
Worked at home	360	270	70	20	0	280
Worked outside Canada	20	15	10	0	0	15
No fixed workplace address	195	160	20	20	0	165
Worked at usual place	1,975	1,435	495	45	0	1,460
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^Footnote 142	2,985	2,195	690	100	10	2,240
English	1,895	1,690	170	35	0	1,710
French	720	285	415	20	0	300
Non-official language	20	10	0	0	10	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	10	0	0	10
English and French	320	205	100	25	0	210
English and non-official language	15	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	0	20	0	10
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% Sample Data^Footnote 143	2,985	2,195	690	95	0	2,245
None	1,320	990	275	50	10	1,015
English	545	245	290	10	0	250
French	1,060	910	120	30	0	925
Non-official language	35	30	10	0	0	30
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	35	30	10	0	0	30
English and French	0	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	20	0	10	0	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,975	1,435	495	50	0	1,460
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	150	115	20	10	0	120
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,725	1,245	445	35	0	1,265
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	85	60	25	0	0	60
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	10	0	0	10
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 144	2,175	1,595	520	65	0	1,630
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,325	990	300	35	0	1,005
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	70	55	10	10	0	55
Public transit	560	360	180	20	0	370
Walked	100	75	20	0	0	80
Bicycle	95	90	10	0	0	85
Other method	25	20	0	10	0	20
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 145	2,175	1,595	520	70	0	1,625
Less than 15 minutes	310	240	50	20	0	250
15 to 29 minutes	790	585	180	20	0	595
30 to 44 minutes	725	560	160	10	0	560
45 to 59 minutes	210	125	80	10	0	130
60 minutes and over	140	85	50	0	0	90
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^Footnote 146	2,175	1,590	520	70	0	1,625
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	25	25	0	0	0	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	210	150	55	10	0	145
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	735	525	195	15	0	535
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	655	460	160	30	0	480
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	350	285	55	0	0	285
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	210	150	40	15	0	155
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 147	5,000	3,615	1,070	270	50	3,750
Non-movers	4,645	3,365	995	250	30	3,490
Movers	360	250	70	15	20	255
Non-migrants	225	165	50	10	0	170
Migrants	130	85	25	10	20	90
Internal migrants	75	65	15	0	0	65
Intraprovincial migrants	75	60	15	0	0	55
Interprovincial migrants	0	10	0	0	0	0
External migrants	55	20	10	10	20	20
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^Footnote 148	4,770	3,455	1,020	260	30	3,590
Non-movers	3,525	2,550	765	190	20	2,645
Movers	1,250	905	255	70	15	945
Non-migrants	815	640	130	45	0	665
Migrants	430	265	120	25	10	275
Internal migrants	290	220	65	10	0	225
Intraprovincial migrants	250	185	55	10	0	195
Interprovincial migrants	45	30	10	0	0	30
External migrants	135	45	60	20	15	60

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Footnote 2

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Footnote 3

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period.

It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 4

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 5

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 6

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 7

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

- Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
- retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
- child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
- social assistance benefits;
- workers' compensation benefits;
- Working income tax benefit;
- Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
- other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 8

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

- statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
- statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
- statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

- employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
- income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
- income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
- other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
- income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

- one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
- capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
- employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
- voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 9

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 10

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.


For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 11

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Footnote 12

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 13

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median.

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 14

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Footnote 15

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 16

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often. For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 17

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 18

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 19

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

Footnote 20

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 21

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 22

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 24

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 25

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 26

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 27

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 28

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 29

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 30

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 31

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 32

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 33

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 34

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 35

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Footnote 36

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Footnote 37

Citizenship refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 38

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Footnote 39

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Footnote 40

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 41

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Footnote 42

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 43

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Footnote 44

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Footnote 45

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 46

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to the name of the province, territory or country in which the person was born. It refers to a province or territory if the person was born in Canada. It refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 47

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 48

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 49

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Footnote 50

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 51

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 52

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 53

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 54

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 55

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 56

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 57

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 58

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 59

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 60

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Footnote 61

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 62

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 63

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 64

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Footnote 65

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 66

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 67

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 68

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 69

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 70

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 71

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 72

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 73

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 74

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 75

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Footnote 76

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 77

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Footnote 78

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Footnote 79

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Footnote 80

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Footnote 81

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Footnote 94

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 95

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Footnote 96

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 97

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Footnote 98

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 99

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Footnote 100

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 101

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Footnote 102

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Footnote 103

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Footnote 105

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Footnote 107

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 108

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Footnote 109

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 110

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Footnote 112

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Footnote 116

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 117

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 118

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Footnote 119

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Footnote 120

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 121

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/concepts/classification.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Footnote 122

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 123

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Footnote 124

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Footnote 125

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Footnote 126

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Footnote 127

'Location of study' refers to either:

- the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;

- the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Footnote 128

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 129

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Footnote 130

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Footnote 131

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 132

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Footnote 133

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 134

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Footnote 135

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Footnote 136

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Footnote 137

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Footnote 138

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Footnote 139

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked.

Footnote 140

The code and title of this category are not found in the North American Classification System (NAICS) 2012; this category is needed due to the combination of NAICS sub-sectors performed during the coding process.

Footnote 141

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 142

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 143

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Footnote 144

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Footnote 145

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Footnote 146

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Footnote 147

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 148

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Data quality note(s) – Montréal-Ouest, V

• Incomplete enumeration flag
  Default. Not applicable.
• Long-form data quality flag
  Global non-response rate (GNR), long-form census questionnaire: 2.2%.
• Long-form income data quality flag
  Default. Data quality index showing a long-form income non-response rate lower than 10%.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016352.